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Corrosion
protection has always been one of the major concerns of engineers
worldwide. Many factors such as temperature, pressure, velocity and
concentration of the media complicate the matters even further. This has
forced engineers to start looking and applying more corrosion resistant
metals.
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 At SPF Corporation of
America, we pride ourselves in being able to manufacture some of the most
demanding super metals in the world. Metals such as zirconium, niobium,
tantalum, and platinum. Many of our manufacturing procedures are unique
and developed in house through thorough testing and research. Our
experience in these super metals is unsurpassed and is truly one of a
kind.
|
 We manufacture our
products using copper and copper alloys, stainless steels, super
stainless steels, nickel and nickel alloys, high nickel alloys, titanium,
zirconium, niobium, tantalum, and platinum.
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Titanium has become ever popular over the last years
due to it's excellent
strength, light weight, and high corrosion resistance. It has found it's way into applications
in the aerospace industry, and almost every type of chemical industry.
Titanium has superior corrosion resistance against media such as alkalis,
sea water, wet chlorine and chlorides, organic chemicals, nitric acid,
oxidizing acids, and non-reduction environments.
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Zirconium is very popular in the nuclear industry. It
is often used for nuclear reactors, due to it's excellent corrosion resistance and low
neutron absorption. Zirconium corrosion resistance is superior to all but
a few metals and has become a standard in highly corrosive environments
such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid.
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Niobium is another metal that has exceptional
corrosion resistance. It's resistance is quite
similar to that of tantalum. It is relatively stable against hydrochloric
acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and other reducing agents at room
temperature, however it deteriorates it properties. Close attention is
necessary since it's hydrogen embrittlement resistance and heat resistance are
slightly inferior to that of tantalum. Due to the fact that it's density is almost half of that of tantalum, it is
used exceptionally in sever corrosive media such as concentrated etching
solutions and plating solutions.
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Tantalum has second to none corrosion resistance. It's ductility is superior as well and has very good
electrical properties. It is favorably used by the chemical industry,
electronic industry, and high temperature heat-resistant equipment. As of
late it's unique properties have made it's way into military applications as well. Tantalum
is far superior to titanium, zirconium and niobium which in themselves
are already considered as very corrosion resistant metals. This is to
give an indication of how corrosion resistant tantalum truly is. It is
exceptionally resistant to nearly every acid except for a few acids such
as hydrofluoric acid and heavy alkaline solutions. It has become very
popular in hydrochloric and sulfuric acid condensers, surface treatment
equipment and electro-plating equipment.
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Platinum has become indispensable for the modern
electronic world. It has been applied in many electronic systems as well
as in the aerospace technology. It has also been used as the crown of
electrodes for many years. Platinum electrodes manufactured by SPF
Corporation have been used as electrodes in chemical plants, general
plating plants, and in the electro-plating process of the steel industry
for many years.
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Ti
|
Ta
|
Nb (Cb)
|
Zr (702)
|
SS 316
|
C-276
|
Fe
|
|
Atomic
Number
|
22
|
73
|
41
|
40
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-
|
-
|
26
|
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Atomic
Weight
|
47.90
|
180.95
|
92.91
|
91.22
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-
|
-
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55.85
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Density
(g/cm3; @20 BC)
|
4.51
|
16.6
|
8.57
|
6.49
|
7.98
|
8.89
|
7.86
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Melting
Point (BC)
|
1668
|
2996
|
2468
|
1845
|
1370~1400
|
1323~1371
|
1530
|
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Specific
Heat (cal/g/BC)
|
0.130
|
0.034
|
0.065
|
0.070
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0.120
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0.102
|
0.110
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Thermal
Conductivity (cal/cm2/sec/BC/cm)
|
0.041
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0.130
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0.130
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0.040
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0.039
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0.030
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0.150
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Electrical
Resistivity (mW-cm ; @20 BC)
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47~55
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12.4
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14.6
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39.7
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74
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130
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9.7
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Thermal
Expansion (x 10-6)
|
8.4
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6.5
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7.1
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5.8
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16.0
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16.0
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12.0
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Young's
Modulus (x 103kg/mm2)
|
10.85
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18.90
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10.50
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9.11
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19.70
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20.90
|
19.60
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Poisson's
Ratio
|
0.34
|
0.35
|
0.38
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0.35
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0.3
|
0.28
|
0.31
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Tensile
Strength (kgf/mm2)
|
Yield
Strength 0.2% (kgf/mm2)
|
Elongation
(%)
|
Hardness
R.T. (HB)
|
Reduction
of Area (%)
|
Bend
(180B
)
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Titanium Grade 1
(ASTM Gr1)
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28~42
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/
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/
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/
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/
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>2t
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Titanium Grade 2
(ASTM Gr2)
|
35~52
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/
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/
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/
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/
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>2t
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Titanium/Pd Alloy
(ASTM Gr7)
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35~52
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/
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/
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/
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/
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>2t
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Titanium Alloy
(ASTM Gr12)
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/
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/
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/
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190~200
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-
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>5t
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Tantalum
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>25
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>20
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45
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90
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90
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>2t
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Niobium
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>25
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>20
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35
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75
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90
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>2t
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Zirconium (ASTM
R60702)
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35~50
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20~40
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20~35
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120~200
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30~60
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>5t
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C-276 (ASTM B575)
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83
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42
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50
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90 (H R B)
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-
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-
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316 Stainless Steel
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/
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/
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/
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[
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/
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>1t
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A:
Completely Corrosion Resistant
B: Usable Corrosion Resistance
C: Unsatisfactory
RT: Room Temperature
BP: Boiling Temperature
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Group
|
Classification
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Conc. %
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Temp.
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Inorganic acids
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Hydrochloric acid
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5
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RT
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A
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A
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A
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C
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B
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A
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BP
|
A
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C
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A
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C
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C
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A
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10
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RT
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A
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B
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A
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C
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B
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A
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BP
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A
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C
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A
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C
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C
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C
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20
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RT
|
A
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C
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A
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C
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B
|
A
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BP
|
A
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C
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A
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C
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C
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C
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35
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RT
|
A
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C
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A
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C
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B
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A
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BP
|
A
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C
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A
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C
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C
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C
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Sulfuric acid
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5
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RT
|
A
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A
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A
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C
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C
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C
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BP
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A
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C
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A
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C
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B
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A
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10
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RT
|
A
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B
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A
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C
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A
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A
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BP
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A
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C
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A
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C
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C
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C
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60
|
RT
|
A
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B
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A
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C
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A
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A
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BP
|
A
|
C
|
A
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C
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C
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C
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80
|
RT
|
A
|
C
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C
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C
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A
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|
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BP
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B
|
C
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C
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C
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C
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|
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95
|
RT
|
A
|
C
|
C
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C
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A
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|
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BP
|
C
|
C
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C
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C
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C
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Nitric acid
|
10
|
RT
|
A
|
A
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A
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A
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B
|
A
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BP
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
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|
30
|
RT
|
A
|
A
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A
|
A
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B
|
A
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BP
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
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C
|
A
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|
68
|
RT
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
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BP
|
A
|
A
|
A
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B
|
C
|
A
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Fuming
|
RT
|
A
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A
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A
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A
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Phosphoric acid
|
30
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RT
|
A
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A
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A
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A
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A
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A
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BP
|
A
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C
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B
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B
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B
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C
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|
|
50
|
RT
|
A
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B
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B
|
A
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A
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A
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BP
|
A
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C
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C
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B
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B
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C
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70
|
RT
|
A
|
B
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B
|
A
|
A
|
A
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BP
|
A
|
C
|
C
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C
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B
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C
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85
|
RT
|
A
|
B
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B
|
A
|
A
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A
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BP
|
A
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C
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C
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C
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C
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C
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35% HCl + 0.5% HNO3
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RT
|
A
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C
|
A
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|
|
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90%H2SO4
+ 10%HNO3
|
|
RT
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
|
|
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70%H2SO4+
30%HNO3
|
|
RT
|
A
|
B
|
|
|
|
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50%H2SO4+
50%HNO3
|
|
RT
|
A
|
B
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|
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Chromic acid
|
30
|
RT
|
A
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A
|
A
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C
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C
|
A
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BP
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
C
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A
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|
|
|
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Aqua regia
|
|
RT
|
A
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A
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C
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C
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A
|
A
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BP
|
A
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C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
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Organic acids
|
Hydrofluoric acid
|
5
|
RT
|
C
|
C
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C
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C
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C
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C
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48
|
RT
|
C
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C
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C
|
C
|
C
|
C
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Acetic acid
|
100
|
RT
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
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|
BP
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
|
Formic acid
|
50
|
RT
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
A
|
A
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BP
|
A
|
C
|
A
|
C
|
A
|
A
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Oxalic acid
|
10
|
RT
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
C
|
|
BP
|
A
|
C
|
A
|
C
|
B
|
|
Citric acid
|
50
|
RT
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
|
BP
|
A
|
C
|
A
|
C
|
B
|
C
|
|
Alkalis
|
Caustic soda
|
20
|
RT
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
|
|
BP
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
|
40
|
RT
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
|
|
|
BP
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
|
|
Caustic potash
|
50
|
RT
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
|
|
BP
|
|
Chlorides
|
Ferric chloride
|
30
|
RT
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
A
|
|
BP
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
|
Sodium chloride
|
20BC
|
RT
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
|
|
BP
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
|
Ammonium chloride
|
25
|
RT
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
|
BP
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
|
A
|
|
Calcium chloride
|
25
|
RT
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
|
A
|
|
BP
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
|
Magnesium chloride
|
42
|
RT
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
|
|
BP
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
|
Sulfates
|
Ammonium sulfate
|
20 BC
|
RT
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
|
|
BP
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
|
Caustic sulfide
|
10
|
RT
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
|
A
|
|
|
BP
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
|
Caustic sulfate
|
50
|
RT
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
|
B
|
|
|
BP
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
|
Nitrates
|
Ammonium nitrate
|
10
|
RT
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
|
|
BP
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
|
Potassium nitrate
|
all
|
RT
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
|
B
|
|
|
BP
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
|
Corrosive gases
|
Chlorine gas
|
wet
|
RT
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
|
A
|
|
Chlorine water
|
gas
|
RT
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
A
|
|
Sulfurous gas
|
wet
|
RT
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
|
A
|
|
BP
|
|
Hydrogen sulfide
|
wet
|
RT
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
|
A
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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SPF
Corporation of America:
|
|
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De
Koumen 30, 6433 KD Hoensbroek,
The Netherlands
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5-1,
Horita Doori,
Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, 467-0862, Japan
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